Transcription conventions

Transcription conventions used in the database to represent Arabic sounds:

Transcription symbol Arabic script Phonetic value
a َ æ ~ a
ā ا æː ~ aː
e e ~ ɛ
ē eː ~ ɛː
i ِ i
ī ي iː
ō oː
u ُ u
ū و uː
ǝ ǝ
aw و aw
ay ي aj
b ب b
f ف f
t ت t
ṭ ط tˤ
d د d
ḍ ض dˤ
θ ث θ
ð ذ ð
ð̣ ظ, ض ðˤ
k ق , ك k
g ﺝ, ﻕ, گ, ڨ g
x خ x
ġ غ ɣ
q ق q
ʔ ء, ق ʔ
s س s
ṣ ص sˤ
z ز z
ẓ ظ zˤ
š ش ʃ
ž ژ ʒ
č چ ʧ
j ج ʤ
m م m
n ن n
l ل l
ḷ ل ɫ
r ر r
w و w
y ي j
h ه h
ʕ ع ʕ
ḥ ح ħ